Design of a Continuous Bioreactor for Laboratory Scale Production of Ethanol from Cassava Starch Hydrolysate Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Abstract
In this work, Microsoft excel spreadsheet was employed to design a 5L laboratory scale continuous bioreactor with kinetic data obtained from the previous batch fermentation process for bioethanol production from cassava starch hydrolysate using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This was achieved by dividing the whole system into various modules (Vessel dimensions, Agitation system design, and Power requirement for agitation, Material and Energy Balance, and / or Temperature control) and linking various cells from the spreadsheet for each module with one and other. The vessel height and diameter are 0.30 m and 0.15 m, respectively using the aspect ratio of 2. The agitation system comprises 4 baffles and 3 six-blade rushton turbine impellers (speed of 200 rpm and power required for agitation calculated as 5.2 x 10-4 W). The mass flow rates of feed and of ethanol in the product stream are 9.11 x 10-6 kg/s and 2.2 x 10-6 kg/s, respectively. The system is to be maintained at 30 oC using tap-water as coolant. It also has 4.88 x 10-4 m2 as the area available for heat transfer and the length of the cooling coil required for this is calculated as 6.63 x 10-3 m.
References
Alade, O.S., “Optimization of Bioethanol Production from Cassava Starch Hydrolysate Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.” (M. Sc. Thesis, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Osun State, Nigeria, 2010.
Anozie, A.N., Layokun, S.K. and Okeke, C.N., ”Evaluation of a Batch Pilot-ScaleBio-digester for Gas Production from Agricultural Wastes”. Energy Sources (27):1301- 1315, 2005.
Bai, F.W., Anderson, W.A. and Moo-Young, M., “Ethanol Fermentation technologies from sugar and starch feedstocks”. Biotechnology Advances. (26): 89–105, 2008.
Bailey, J.E. and Ollis, D.F., “Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals” (2nd Edn), New York: McGraw Hill, 1986.
Betiku, E., Alade, O.S. and Solomon, B.O., “Media Evaluation for Bioethanol Production from Cassava Starch Hydrolysate Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae”. Proc. 2nd International Conf. on Natural Resources Development and Utilization, Raw Material Research and Development Council, Abuja, Nigeria, 9th – 11th February, 2010.
Doran, P.M. “Bioprocess Engineering Principles”. London: Academic Press, 1995.
Gimbun, J., Radiah, D.A.B., and Chuah, T.G., “Bioreactor Design via Spreadsheet––A Study on the Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) Process”. Journal of Food Engineering. (64):277–283, 2004.
Katoh, S. and Yoshida, F. “Biochemical Engineering” Weinheim: Wiley – VCH, 2009.
Layokun, S.K. and Solomon, B.O., “Anaerobic Fermentation of Lactose by Candida Kyfer and Candida pseudotropicalis and the Energetic of the Aerobic Fermentation by Kluyveromyces fragilis”. Journal of Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers. (8): 110-115, 1989.
Lawford, H.G., and Rousseau, J.D., “Mannose Fermentation by Ethanologenic Recombinants of Escherichia coli”. Biotechnology Letters. (15):615 – 620, 1993.
McCabe, W.L., Smith, J.C. and Harriot, P., “Unit Operation of Chemical Engineering” (5th Edn), New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.
Perry, H.R., Green, G.W. and Maloney, J.O. (Eds) “Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook” (7th Ed) New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.
Rajoka, M.I., Ferhan, M. and Khalid, A.M., “Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Ethanol Production by a Thermotolerant Mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae In a Microprocessor-controlled Bioreactor”. Letters in Applied Microbiology. (40):316–321, 2005.
Stanbury, P.F., Whitaker, A., and Hall, S.J., “Principles of Fermentation Technology” (2nd Ed), Oxford: Butter worth – Heinemann, 2000