Performance Characteristics of Gum Arabic Bonded Particleboard Made From Sawdust and Wood Shavings
Keywords:
Particleboard, sawdust, gum arabic, wood shavings, strengthAbstract
Sawdust and sieved wood shavings’ specimens in a 1:1 mix proportion were combined with gum arabic (acacia leguminosae) as adhesive resin to produce particleboard samples. The Sawdust and Wood Shavings Particleboard (SWSP) samples were subjected to flexural, tensile, compressive, water absorption and permeability tests to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties required in building and structural materials. Increase in the gum arabic content from 12% to 20% by weight of the SWSP improved the flexural strength (measured as modulus of rupture) from 10.42 to 46.87 N/mm2. The tensile strength (internal bond), density and compressive strength also increased from 0.32 to 2.28 N/mm2, 692.13 to 864.44 kg/m3 and 1.74 to 9.02 N/mm2 respectively. The results showed that SWSP exceeded the recommendation of the European standards for flexural and tensile strengths when the proportion of gum arabic was between 14 and 20%. The compressive strengths at 16% resin and above exceeded 2.5 N/mm2 (the minimum acceptable compressive strength of sandcrete blocks according to Nigerian Standards Organization). The coefficient of permeability values range from 1.48x10-6 to 5.4x10-6 m/s. The maximum density of 864.44 kg/m3 places SWSP as a lightweight building material. However the water absorption capacity value of 30.1% for 20% resin soaked for 12 minutes is far higher than the average specified value of 3.96% by European standards. SWSP may be useful as internal partition wall material and as internal ceiling board.
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