Effects Of Titania Additive On Phases Development And Hardness Of Spark Plasma Sintered Mullite-Carbon-MNO2 Ceramic Composite
Keywords:
phase developments, hardness, sintering, carbon based ceramic composite, mulliteAbstract
Effects of varied contents of titania on the phase development and properties of spark plasma sintered (SPS) mullite-carbon- MnO2 ceramic composite was investigated. The raw materials used were kaolin clay, graphite, manganese oxide and titania. Samples were prepared by blending pre-calculated amounts of raw materials in Turbular mixer at a speed of 72 rev/min. The homogenous mixture were sintered in the SPS machine at 1000°C at a sintering pressure of 40 MPa, heating rate of 50°C/min and holding time of 10 min in a graphite die of 20mm. The phases in the sintered samples were characterized using x-ray diffractometry analysis (XRD). Microstructure of the samples were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Harness of the sintered samples was also investigated using Vickers hardness tester. It was observed that the phases evolved in the sample were influenced by titania content. The presence of Mn2O3 in the sample lead to formation of silimanite in preference to mullite when sintered 1000°C. 12% titania in sample D aided development of mullite phases within the sample. Presence of 16% titania and Mn2O3 led to development of carbides like Al4C3 and Al4Si2C5 in sample E. Addition of titania to the samples progressively improved on densification of the samples with increased titania contents. It was concluded that the development of carbides within the ceramic matrix is responsible for the increased hardness of the sample.
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Aramide, F.O., (2012): “Production and Characterization of Porous Insulating Fired Bricks from Ifon Clay with Varied Sawdust Admixture”, Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, vol. 11, pp. 970‐975.
Aramide, F. O., Alaneme, K. K., Olubambi, P. A. Borode, J. O., (2015): “In-Situ Synthesis of Mullite Fibers Reinforced Zircon-Zirconia Refractory Ceramic Composite from Clay Based Materials”, International Journal of Materials and Chemistry, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 127-139.
Aramide, F.O., (2012): “Effect of Firing Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Fired Masonry Bricks Produced from Ipetumodu Clay”, Leonardo Journal of Sciences, vol. 11, no. 21, pp. 70-82.
Aramide, F.O., Popoola, P.A., (2017): “Effects of Titania-Silicon Carbide Additives on the Phase Development and Properties of Sintered Mullite-Carbon Composite”, Preprint, doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0008.v1
Brasileiro, M.I., Oliveira, D.H.S., Lira, H.L., Santana, L.N.L., Neves, G. A., Novaes, A.P., Sasak, J.M. (2006): “Mullite Preparation from Kaolin Residue”. Material Science Forum, 530-531, 625-630, 121.
Callister, W.D., (2007): “Materials science and engineering: an introduction”, 7th ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Dag, L. and Annette, M., (2007): “Advanced Materials and Structures and their Fabrication Processes”, Narvik University College, HiN, pp. 55, 61
Gong, L., Kyriakides, S., Jang, W.Y., (2005): “Compressive response of open-cell foams. Part I: Morphology and elastic properties”. Int J Solid Struct, vol. 42, pp. 1355–1379.
Guo, A.R., Liu, J.C., Wang, Y., Xu, H., (2012): “Preparation of porous lamellar mullite ceramics with whisker skeletons by electrospinning and pressure molding”. Mater Lett. Vol. 74, pp. 107–110.
Jang, W.Y., Kraynik, A.M., Kyriakides, S., (2008): “On the microstructure of open-cell foams and its effect on elastic properties”. Int J Solid Struct, vol. 45, pp. 1845–1875.
Kanaun, S., Tkachenko, O., (2008): “Effective conductive properties of open-cell foams”. Int J Eng Sci, vol 46, pp. 551–571.
Kaya, C., Gu, X., Al-Dawery, I., Butler, E.G., (2002): “Microstructural development of woven mullite fibre-reinforced mullite ceramic matrix composites by infiltration processing”, Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, vol. 3. No.1, pp. 35-44.
Kaya, C., Butler, E.G,, Selcuk, A., Boccaccini, A.R., Lewis, M.H., (2002): “Mullite (NextelTM 720) fiber-reinforced mullite matrix composites exhibiting favorable thermomechanical properties”. J Eur Ceram Soc, vol. 22, pp. 2333–4232.
Lamberov, A.A., Sitnikova, E.Yu. and Abdulganeeva, A.Sh., (2012): “Kinetic Features of Phase Transformation of Kaolinite into Metakaolinite for Kaolin Clays from Different Deposits”, Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, Vol. 85, No. 6, pp. 892−897
Li, B., Zhu, J.X., Jiang, Y., Lin, L., Liu, Y., Chen, Z.F., (2012a): “Processing and flexural properties of 3D, seven-directional braided (SiO2)f/SiO2 composites prepared by silica sol-infiltrationsintering method”, Ceram Int, vol. 38, pp. 2209–2212.
Li, C., Chen, Z.F., Zhu, J.X., Liu, Y., Jiang, Y., Guan, T., et al. (2012b): “Mechanical properties and microstructure of 3D orthogonal quartz fiber reinforced silica compostite fabricated by silicasolinfiltration- sintering”. Mater Des, vol. 36, pp. 289–295.
Low, I.M., Skala, R.D., Perera, D.S., (1994): “Fracture properties of layered mullite/zirconia-toughened alumina composites”, J. of Mater. Sc. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 1334-1336.
Moya, J. S. and Osendi M.I., (1983) “Effect of ZrO2 (SS) in Mullite on the Sintering and Mechanical Properties of Mullite/ZrO2 Composites,” Mater. Sci. Lett., vol. 2, pp. 599–601.
Naskar, M.K., Chatterjee, M., Dey. A., Basu, K., (2004): “Effects of processing parameters on the fabrication of near-net-shape fiber reinforced oxide ceramic matrix composites via sol–gel route”. Ceram Int., vol. 30, pp. 257–65.
Osendi, M.I. and Baudin, C., (1996): “Mechanical Properties of Mullite Materials,” J. Euro. Ceram. Soc., vol. 96, pp. 217-224.
Sacks, M.D., Lee, H-W., Pask, J.A., (1990): “A review of powder preparation methods and densification procedures for fabricating high-density mullite”, in: S. Somiya, R.F. Davies, J.A. Pask (Eds.)Ceramic Transactions, Mullite and Mullite Matrix Composites, Vol. 6, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, pp. 167-207.
Stoll, E., Mahr, P., Kruger, H.G., Kern, H., Thomas, B.J.C., Boccaccini, A.R., (2006): “Fabrication technologies for oxide–oxide ceramic matrix composites based on electrophoretic deposition”. J Eur Ceram vol. 26, pp. 1567–1576.
Tressler, R., (1999): “Recent developments in fibers and interphases for high temperature ceramic matrix composites”. Compos., Part A vol. 30, pp. 429–37.
Varga, G., (2007): “The structure of kaolinite and metakaolinite”, Építőanyag 59. évf. 1. Szám pp. 6-9
Yang, W.S., Fuso, L., Biamino, S., Vasquez, D., Bolivar, C.V., Fino, P., et al. (2012a): “Fabrication of short carbon fibre reinforced SiC multilayer composites by tape casting”. Ceram Int, vol. 38, pp. 1011–1018.
Yang, W.S., Biamino, S., Padovano, E., Fuso, L., Pavese, M., Marchisio, S., et al. (2012b): “Microstructure and mechanical properties of short carbon fiber/SiC multilayer composites prepared by tape casting”. Compos Sci Technol, vol. 72, pp, 675–680.
Ye, F., Liu, L.M., Huang, L.J., (2008): “Fabrication and mechanical properties of carbon short fiber reinforced barium aluminosilicate glass–ceramic matrix composites”. Compos Sci Technol, vol. 68, pp. 1710–1717.
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Published
2019-11-01
How to Cite
Aramide, F., & Popoola, A. (2019). Effects Of Titania Additive On Phases Development And Hardness Of Spark Plasma Sintered Mullite-Carbon-MNO2 Ceramic Composite. Ife Journal of Technology, 26(1), 47–50. Retrieved from http://ijt.oauife.edu.ng/index.php/ijt/article/view/146
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