Design Modifications of Gas Cooker Burner for Optimal Thermal Efficiency
Keywords:
Progressive combinations die, press tool, material utility percentage, forming and stripping forces, rheological propertiesAbstract
Design modification of gas cooker burner for domestic cooking is highly important to enhance acceptability of gas cooking facility globally. Typical material of existing burner was modified by increasing its thickness and also by changing the material of the product from mild steel to galvanize steel to eradicate corrosion at minimum cost. A progressive combination die coupled with drilling fixture for the production of burner were designed, manufactured and evaluated. The die and fixture were used for blanking, piercing and forming of four different burners of port sizes: 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 mm. The most effective burner port size was determined using response surface 3D to generate curves between cooking period, burner head temperature and food cooking temperature against port sizes. Uni-axial compressive test was carried out on cooked rice and beans to investigate their rheological properties. The rice and beans cooking temperatures were found to be: 170 and 180; 150 and 165; 140 and 160; 140 and 160 oC for 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 mm burner port sizes respectively. These results have shown that, burner port size of 2.0 mm exhibited optimum thermal efficiency than any other port sizes. The poison ratios of cooked rice and beans were found to be: 0.25, 0.28, 0.30 and 0.35, 0.23, 0.26, 0.28 and 0.31 for 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 mm burner port sizes respectively. Likewise, the poison ratios of cooked beans were measured to be: for 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 mm burner port sizes, respectively.
References
Ashok, S., “Domestic gas stove burner – old & new – a case study” www.energymeasuretosave.com, 2012.
Energy Aware Organization, “Fossil Fuels: Natural Gas”, Retrieved from http://www.getenergyaware .org/energy-natural-gas.asp, 2006.
Fellows, P. Food Processing Technology. (2nd Edition) Wood head Publishing Limited, Abington Hall, Granta Park Cambridge. CB21 6AH, England, 2009.
Frank W.W, Phillip D. H and Charles B.G, JR, Die Design Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1965.
Gotrinity, W. Stoves, http://www.stoves.gotrinitywealth.com/gas-castiron-stoves. 2012.
Growth and Evolution of Petroleum Industry, Management Essay, www.uk essay.com, 2014.
Hardesty D.R., Weinberg F.J. Burners producing large excess enthalpies, Combustion Science and Technology. 8: 201-214, 1974.
Hinman, C.W., Press working of Metals, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1950.
Howell J.R., Hall M.J., Ellzey J.L. Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels within porous inert media. Prog Energy Combust Sci. 22: 121-145, 1996.
Khurmi, R.S. and Gupta, J.K. Machine Design First Multicolor. Publisher; Eurasia Publishing House (PVT) ltd. New Delhi, India. Revised Editionvol.2. 510 – 531, 632 – 640, 830 – 1040, 2005.
LPG Exceptional energy, “What is LPG”. Retrieved from http://www.exceptionalenergy.com/en_GB/what-is-lpg/origin.html. July, 2012.
Merriman, O. “Gas Burner.” Retrieved from http://www.gutenberg.org/files/37928/37928-h/37928-h.html, 2011.
Michelle S. Differences between open and sealed gas burner. http://www.ehow.com/info_8761950_difference-sealed-burner-gas-ranges.html, 2011.
Mohsenin N.N., Physical Properties of Plant and Animal Materials. Gordon and Breach Press, New York, USA, 1986.
Morakinyo, T.A. Strength of Material, Published by Lead Ventures, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria. 1st edition, 43-44, 2009.
Muthukumar P., Piyush A. and Prateek, S. Performance analysis of porous radiant burners used in LPG cooking stoves”. International Journal of Energy and Environment, 2, 367-374, 2011.
Nelson, L.P., “Global Combustion Sources of Nitrous Oxide Emissions”, Research Project 2333-4 Interim Report, Radian Corporation, Sacramento, CA, 1991.
Sathe, S.B., Peck R.E., Tong T.W., Flame stabilization and multi-mode heat transfer in inert porous media, a numerical study. Combust Sci. and Tech. 70: 93-109, 1990.
Sirisomboon, P., Kitchaiya, P., Pholpho, T., Mahuttanyavanitch, W. Physical and mechanical properties of Jatropha curcas L. fruits, nuts and kernels. Biosyst. Engineering. 97: 201–207, 2007.
The Information Age, “Gas and Electric Stove”, http://www.edinformatics.com/inventions_inventors/electric_stove.html. 1999.
Travis, I. D., "Oxygen-gas fuel burner and glass fore hearth containing the oxygen-gas fuel burner," U.S. Patent 5,814,121, 1998.
U.S. Department of Energy, “Just the Basics: Liquefied Petroleum Gas”,. Retrieved from <http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/pdfs/basics/jtb_lpg.pdf
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency., Area Source Method Abstract (Washington, D.C., p. 1. (Computer printout.), May 1999.
Worgas., “Gas Burner Technology and Gas Burner Design for Application”. ASGE 2011 – Worgas-G-Berthold, 2011.
Zhang, X. G., “Corrosion and Electrochemistry of Zinc”, Book, Plenum Publication Co., New York, 1997.